What is tooth decay?

There are a number of things that can lead to tooth decay but what exactly is tooth decay? Tooth decay is an infection in the tooth that erodes tooth structure and makes a cavity. Our mouths are full of bacteria, both good and bad, but left unchecked the bad bacteria can create a film over the teeth that can collect and turn into sticky plaque. Plaque bacteria use the carbohydrates from the foods we eat to grow and create an acid that eats away at tooth enamel. Good bacteria contains minerals that work to repair enamel and strengthen teeth!

Factors that can lead to tooth decay include poor oral hygiene, medical conditions, certain medications and dry mouth.

What does tooth decay look like?

There are six stages of tooth decay and all present with different symptoms. In the early stages, decay can appear as a spot on the surface of the tooth that is white, yellow, brown or even black. As decay progresses, sensitivity to hot and/or cold temperatures along with a toothache may develop. You may also experience pain while chewing and inflammation in the gum tissue.

As decay progresses further, it moves through the enamel into the dentin of the tooth and a full blown cavity has formed and you may be able to see a hole in your tooth. Left untreated, this decay can continue to grow into the pulp of the tooth. The pulp houses the blood vessels and nerves that keep the tooth alive and when infected, can be very painful.

If decay is allowed to advance even further, infection in the pulp can cause an abscess which will require antibiotics and draining. If the tooth is so infected and decayed, it may be found to be hopeless and will require extraction. The lost tooth can be restored with either a dental bridge or a dental implant.

Can I prevent tooth decay?

The best way to prevent decay is to implement good oral hygiene and to maintain the recommended frequency of professional cleanings with your dental office. Prevention is easier and cheaper than treatment but sometimes, decay is unavoidable. If you suffer from a medical condition or are on a medication that compromises your saliva production, you should speak with your dentist to see if there is anything more you can add to your home care routine to help your dry mouth. Genetics are also an unavoidable factor, some people simply have genetically bad teeth!

During your routine cleaning, your hygienist can make sure you are getting the most out of your flossing and brushing by showing you proper techniques to reach every little nook and cranny to the best of your ability. Some patients need a more frequent cleaning schedule so make sure to adhere to the advised schedule to prevent decay!

More on Tooth Decay : Can you Fix tooth Decay?