Why Are My Gums Bleeding
Bleeding gums can be caused by something as simple as using the wrong flossing or brushing technique. In other instances, it could signal a health condition that warrants treatment.
Common Causes
If bleeding gums occur, it could be due to:
* Having gum disease (gingivitis) that causes gum inflammation
* Brushing too aggressively or using a toothbrush with hard bristles
* A newly implemented flossing routine the gums have not adjusted to yet
* Taking certain medicines like blood thinners
* Gum inflammation due to pregnancy
* Improperly fitting dentures
* Failing dental restorations
Gingivitis
Bleeding gums often signifies the presence of gingivitis. This is a common and mild form of periodontal disease and occurs because bacterial plaque builds up at the gumline. People with gingivitis often have red, swollen, and irritated gums that may bleed when they brush their teeth.
Gingivitis is a progressive disease but can be resolved by ensuring that a thorough oral hygiene routine is practiced. This includes flossing daily and brushing the teeth at least twice per day. Rinsing with antibacterial mouthwash daily and visiting the dentist for regular checkups are also advised to ensure the mouth remains healthy and plaque free.
Periodontitis
If left untreated and allowed to progress, gingivitis can develop into a more severe disease called periodontitis. This long-term periodontal condition causes damage to the tissues and bones that support the teeth. Patients with periodontitis may experience gums that are inflamed, infected, and begin to recede.
Should the gums easily bleed, it could signal periodontal disease. The teeth may start to loosen, separate, or change how they fit together when biting. The patient may also have persistent bad breath, a foul taste in their mouth, and tender, swollen, and red gums. If the disease is not treated, tooth loss can ultimately occur.
Diabetes
Swollen or bleeding gums can be warning signs of diabetes. Patients with diabetes are more prone to infections like periodontal disease because their mouths are not as capable at fighting against germs. This is because the higher blood sugar levels associated with diabetes makes it more difficult for the body to heal which in turn, can allow periodontal disease to worsen.
Leukemia
Gum bleeding can also be a symptom of leukemia. With this form of cancer, the count of blood platelets, which help the blood clot, is low. As such, it is more difficult to stop bleeding throughout the body, including the gums.
Thrombocytopenia and Hemophilia
These conditions also inhibit platelet levels and effect the ability to form blood clots. This can lead to excessive bleeding throughout the body and gums.
Vitamin C Deficiency
Vitamin C helps tissue repair and grow. It also helps strengthen the bones, teeth, and heals wounds. If the body lacks sufficient Vitamin C, the person may feel irritable and weak. Over time, this deficiency can lead to gum swelling and bleeding. If the Vitamin C deficiency is severe, a rare disease called scurvy can develop that causes weakness, anemia, and bleeding under the skin.
Vitamin K Deficiency
Vitamin K helps with blood clotting and is good for the bones. If a person does not get enough or their body does not absorb it well, bleeding problems can occur.